Big but not strong, China's machinery industry in the lower end of the global industrial value chain
Machinery industry is the basic industry provides technical support for the development of national economy. The new Chinese at the beginning of the establishment of China's machinery industry foundation is weak, after 60 years of development, especially the 30 years since the reform and opening up, China's machinery industry has maintained rapid growth momentum, has basically formed a complete, with large scale and complete sets of technology level of industrial system. At present, the number of China's machinery industry, above scale enterprises employees, fixed assets and the industrial output value ranked the country's industrial industries for the first time. But on the whole, China's machinery industry is still in the global industrial value chain of low-end, big but not strong, in international trade, export product cost is underestimated, the international competitiveness is weak.
In the problems of China Machinery Industry in the international competitiveness of the industry's main performance is: one is the independent innovation ability is weak, the re introduction of light, development, imitation, light innovation; two is the key functional components and basic process backward, casting, forging, heat treatment and surface treatment of four basic process is obviously lagging behind; three precision instrument is controlled and the lower grades, China automation control and precision testing instruments (including high-end programmable controller, sensor, relay base and field bus) is to restrict the complete sets of equipment on the level of the "short board"; four is the industry concentration is low, the industry still lacks a number of powerful enterprise (Group); five is the structural overcapacity, mainly in the low-end products of excess production capacity at the same time, the capacity of high-end products, and can not meet the actual needs.
In the accession to the World Trade Organization in 10 years, foreign trade of China machinery industry rapid development with an annual growth rate of 30%. In 2006, China's machinery products import and export since the end of China established new deficit appeared for the first time, trade surplus; in 2013, exports of China's machinery industry foreign trade surplus reached $372400000000, $73600000000, a record high. China's machinery industry has such export performance, will cause long-term international electromechanical products market monopoly of developed countries in Europe and America "extra" attention, especially after the financial crisis of the European and American countries will strengthen the export alert, adopt a variety of trade protection measures, China has become the biggest victimized country the trade remedy measures.
